Showing posts with label Keynesianism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Keynesianism. Show all posts

Monday, January 21, 2013

On Japan's Abe's Attempt at Reflation, Telegraph's Evans-Pritchard Refuses to Connect the Dots


I'm not sure if he refuses to connect the dots or he does not see the dots, but either way he does not come to a logical conclusion like Kyle Bass did when he said about money printing and unprecedented accumulation of debt worldwide, "...you know how this ends right? This ends through war".

Ambrose Evans-Pritchard compares the current Japan under the Abe administration to the one existed right before the start of World War II, and laments that it was just too bad that then-Finance Minister Korekiyo Takahashi couldn't finish off his highly inflationary monetary policy to peaceful conclusion (in Evans-Pritchard's mind, I think) of tightening, because Takahashi was assassinated by the imperial army officers incensed that their budget was being cut under Takahashi's tightening.

Of course the ostensible cause for these army officers was not the budget cut but "restoration of imperial power and direct rule by the emperor to rid Japan of many ills".

That was the failed February-26 coup, in 1936. The Second Sino-Japanese War (though Japanese and Chinese don't use the word "war" but call it an "incident") started the next year in 1937, which ended in 1945 with the unconditional surrender by Japan to the Allied forces.

Evans-Pritchard doesn't go there.

From UK's Telegraph's article by Ambrose Evans-Pritchard (1/20/2013; emphasis is mine), with my comments in square brakets in blue italic:

Revolutionary Japan is suddenly the centre of world affairs

[Evans-Pritchard starts off his article promisingly enough (that he may have finally got it), mentioning the military tension between Japan and China over the Senkaku Islands.]

We all watch with disbelief as China and Japan rattle sabres over the Senkaku/Diaoyu islands, so like the seemingly minor events that drew Europe's alliance systems into conflict from 1911 onwards.

Both graduated to fighter jets last week: Japan sending in F-15s; China deploying J-10s, and mobilising the East China Sea fleet for live ammo drills.

China's purpose is clear. It is testing the US security umbrella, and Washington's willingness to risk conflict to back Asian allies. There is a minority in Beijing who think America is a busted flush, a mistake made repeatedly by different powers over the last hundred years.

The possibility that the world's three largest economies could come to blows -- as feared by US defense secretary Leon Panetta -- is a sobering thought.

[So, where does he go from here? Evans-Pritchard then draws an interesting parallel to Japan in 1930s, under Finance Minister Korekiyo Takahashi, who inflated, devalued, doing everything that would make Keynes proud - it made Ben Bernanke proud.]

...Premier Shinzo Abe has vowed an all-out assault on deflation, going for broke on multiple fronts with fiscal, monetary, and exchange stimulus.

This is a near copy of the remarkable experiment in the early 1930s under Korekiyo Takahasi, described by Ben Bernanke as the man who "brilliantly rescued" his country from the Great Depression.

Takahasi was the first of his era to tear up rule book completely. He took Japan off gold in December 1931. He ran "Keynesian" budget deficits deliberately, launching a New Deal blitz before Franklin Roosevelt took office.

He compelled the Bank of Japan to monetise debt until the economy was back on its feet. The bonds were later sold to banks to drain liquidity.

He devalued the yen by 60pc against the dollar, and 40pc on a trade-weighted basis. Japan's textile, machinery, and chemical exports swept Asia, ultimately causing the British Empire and India to retaliate with Imperial Preference and all that was to follow -- and there lies the rub, you might say.

Takahasi was assassinated by army officers in 1936 when he tried to tighten by cutting military costs. Policy degenerated. Japan later lurched into hyperinflation.

[So, after talking about increasing military tension between Japan and China, then about centrally-planned highly inflationary policy ended up in a military coup, albeit failed, which triggered a war with China a year later which was practically the start of World War II, where does Evans-Pritchard go from there? That this government-led reflation and further debt accumulation will lead once again to a large-scale war? No. He goes on to praise the scheme, and demands more.]

...Mr Abe has lost patience. This time the Bank of Japan (BoJ) will do what it is told, the first of the big central banks to be stripped of its independence, and probably not the last. As Milton Friedman said -- quoting Clemenceau -- "monetary policy is far too important to be left to central bankers".

Mr Abe said the next governor to take office in April must be a soulmate "with the will and ability to pull the nation out of deflation".

Leaks suggest that the BoJ will set an inflation target of 2pc this week, to be achieved by unlimited bond purchases.

The liquidity effects of this by the world's top external creditor could be large enough to leak into everything from New Zealand bonds, Brazilian equities, and Chelsea property, a sort of `carry trade' on steroids.

...When a large country with its own currency reaches its fiscal limit, growth ends not with a bang but a whimper of declining vitality," he said. Mr Posen advises Japan to rely on monetary policy alone to right the ship.

I broadly agree, though this time the kindling wood of fiscal spending may be what is needed to ignite damp money. If Mr Abe means what he says, this is not just more of the same.

[And he repeats the mantra of Keynesians - deflation is bad.]

Needless to say, printing money has its perils too. The risk is that Japan could escape gentle but stable deflation -- the Devil it knows -- only to see a panic flight from bonds that overwhelms the Bank of Japan.

[Evans-Pritchard fully knows what risks Abe's policy entails. Somehow, he stops by presenting only the economic and monetary consequences.]

...Banks hold JGBs worth 900pc of their Tier 1 capital. Their portfolios would be decimated if long rates punched above 2pc. Japan might then face a banking disaster as well. These are the hard choices that Mr Abe has to make.

Nor can he continue to weaken the yen without irking Washington and jeopardising the alliance on which he depends. His rhetoric alone has already triggered a 12pc fall in the yen against the dollar, and a 20pc fall against the euro. He seems to be eyeing a dollar rate near Y100.

... Huge issues are at play here. The world's trade system is fragile. The wasting disease behind the Long Slump is a record high savings rate of 24pc of global GDP, and too little demand to go around. Everybody wants a weaker a currency. They can't all have it.

Japan's great experiment cuts both ways for the rest of us: the reflation blitz helps lift the global economy out of the doldrums: but yen manipulation snatches market share, incites protectionism, and takes us into the brave new world of "actively managed exchange rates", as Sir Mervyn King put it last month.

We will find out soon enough which is the more powerful effect.


We will find out soon enough. By bullets and missiles flying over our heads, if Kyle Bass is right.

Mr. Korekiyo Takahashi, who was also the 7th governor of Bank of Japan, was a one tough cookie. At the age of 13, he was ordered by his lord to study abroad. However, the American merchant living in Yokohama who was supposed to arrange for his study stole the money and his belongings, and he was duped by the parents of this merchant into signing a contract as indentured servant and was sold to a family in Oakland, California. He was then sold several more times, forced to work in vineyards and herding cattle, until he somehow managed to get back to Japan a year later.

Shinzo "pork-cutlet-curry-rice" Abe does not have a sturdy man who has grown into adult. Like himself, all he has is boys simply grown bigger with more wrinkles. We will found soon enough indeed what these boys will do.

Wednesday, September 29, 2010

Amrose Evans-Prichard Apologizes for Having Defended the Fed

Apologies accepted. I'm glad he is finally discarding Keynesianism.

(He must have been reading Austrians at Lewrockwell.com, Ludwig von Mises Institute, Ron Paul, Peter Schiff...)

Shut Down the Fed (Part II) (Ambrose Evans-Prichard, 9/27/2010 Telegraph UK)

"I apologise to readers around the world for having defended the emergency stimulus policies of the US Federal Reserve, and for arguing like an imbecile naif that the Fed would not succumb to drug addiction, political abuse, and mad intoxicated debauchery, once it began taking its first shots of quantitative easing.

"My pathetic assumption was that Ben Bernanke would deploy further QE only to stave off DEFLATION, not to create INFLATION. If the Federal Open Market Committee cannot see the difference, God help America.

"We now learn from last week’s minutes that the Fed is willing “to provide additional accommodation if needed to … return inflation, over time, to levels consistent with its mandate.”

"NO, NO, NO, this cannot possibly be true.

"Ben Bernanke has not only refused to abandon his idee fixe of an “inflation target”, a key cause of the global central banking catastrophe of the last twenty years (because it can and did allow asset booms to run amok, and let credit levels reach dangerous extremes).

Worse still, he seems determined to print trillions of emergency stimulus without commensurate emergency justification to test his Princeton theories, which by the way are as old as the hills. Keynes ridiculed the “tyranny of the general price level” in the early 1930s, and quite rightly so. Bernanke is reviving a doctrine that was already shown to be bunk eighty years ago.

"So all those hillsmen in Idaho, with their Colt 45s and boxes of krugerrands, who sent furious emails to the Telegraph accusing me of defending a hyperinflating establishment cabal were right all along. The Fed is indeed out of control.

"The sophisticates at banking conferences in London, Frankfurt, and New York who aplogized for this primitive monetary creationsim – as I did – are the ones who lost the plot.

"My apologies. Mercy, for I have sinned against sound money, and therefore against sound politics."

[Emphasis is mine. The article continues.]

Monday, July 19, 2010

Spiegel Claims Germany a Keynesian Success

That's got to be the first, a Keynesian success...

Germany's New Economic Miracle - A Keynesian Success Story
(7/19/2010 Spiegel Online)

"During the worst of the global financial meltdown, Berlin pumped tens of billions of euros into the economy and spent hundreds of billions propping up German banks. Now, the country is reaping the benefits as Germany is once again Europe's economic motor.

"It was just the sort of photo-op German Chancellor Angela Merkel urgently needs. Peter Löscher, the CEO of electronics giant Siemens, was sitting on a throne-like chair in the governor's palace in the central Russian city of Yekaterinburg. Contracts were being handed to him in brown leather folders, and every time Löscher signed one of the documents with his malachite green pen, the chancellor clapped with delight. The procedure took place four times, and by the time the round of contract signing ended, Siemens had secured Russian orders worth about €4 billion ($5.2 billion).

"The real purpose of Merkel's five-day visit to Russia and China last week was to hold political talks with the two countries' leaders, but the most important message of the trip was meant for the German people. Look, Merkel seemed to indicating to German citizens, German industry is in demand worldwide, even if the government at home is divided and lacking direction.

"The German economy has indeed come roaring back to life this summer. Two years after the outbreak of the financial crisis, the auto industry is adding extra shifts once again. The machine building, electronics and chemical industries are all reporting a rapidly growing number of orders. Total unemployment is expected to drop below the 2.8 million mark this fall, the lowest level since 1991.

"For the first time in decades, the former "sick man of Europe" is back to being an engine for economic growth. According to an internal government assessment, the country's gross domestic product increased by more than 1.5 percent in the second quarter of this year. In their last prognosis, completed in April, government officials had predicted only 0.9 percent GDP growth. Production in the manufacturing industry increased by 5 percent over the previous quarter. The government assessment also shows that exports grew by more than 9 percent in May." [Emphasis is mine. The article continues.]

The article defends the government spending and guarantees, even though they were ill-spent (bridge to nowhere, building a school only to have it shut down, etc.) and often unnecessary (loan guarantee to solvent companies who kept the money just in case). The article claims the government action kick-started the economy, and the economy took on its own momentum and started to grow.

With the numbers like these in the article above, it is understandable that the Spiegel wants to attribute success to Keynesianism.

Angela Merkel's coalition government has provided 480 billion euro stimulus (US$620 billion), 400 billion of which is loan guarantees and $80 billion for assisting banks in recapitalization. About 38% of the money has been actually spent so far.

In the US, the government has done way more, to the tune of $12 trillion in various programs and loan guarantees, but hasn't got much to show for it other than some inventory build-up.

What does Germany have that the US does not? And what does the US have that Germany does not?

Germany continues to manufacture things that countries around the world want, even at a premium - automobiles, machinery, electronics, chemicals.

The United States has Obama.