The highly radioactive dirt in Kashiwa City in Chiba, which measured 57.5 microsieverts/hr 30 centimeters below the surface, was not from radium after all or any other nuclides that are used in industrial or medical use (some suggested cobalt-60, for example). It was from radioactive cesium.
On October 22 Kashiwa City announced the result of the analysis of three dirt samples from the location at different depth (one on the surface, two at 30 centimeter deep). The analysis was done on October 22. The unit is becquerels per kilogram:
Sample A (surface dirt)
Radioactive iodine: ND
Cesium-134: 70,200
Cesium-137: 85,100
Total cesium: 155,300
Sample B1 (30 centimeters below the surface)
Radioactive iodine: ND
Cesium-134: 87,000
Cesium-137: 105,000
Total cesium: 192,000
Sample B2 (30 centimeters below the surface)
Radioactive iodine: ND
Cesium-134: 124,000
Cesium-137: 152,000
Total cesium: 276,000
The address of the location is announced by the city as: 柏市根戸字高野台457番3地先. According to the residents, the place is a strip of open space between the residential area and the industrial area, and is used as playground by many residents, young and old.
On receiving the result of the analysis, the Ministry of Education and Science, who had expressed doubt that this high radiation spot in Kashiwa had anything to do with the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant accident, now says it cannot deny that it is the result of the accident. The ratio of cesium-134 and cesium-137 is consistent with the radio from the accident.
Some speculate that someone in the city cleaned out his house and dumped the resulting radioactive sludge and dirt in this location.
What I find it odd is the mismatch of the radiation on the dirt surface, 57.5 microsieverts/hour, and the density of radioactive cesium, maximum 276,000 becquerels/kilogram. The density is too low to account for the extremely high radiation. Cesium alone may not account for the high radiation, but There's no mention in the city's announcement whether it is going to test for other gamma nuclides not to mention alpha and beta.
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5 comments:
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Can you post a map that shows exactly where this is? I live in Kashiwa and would like to know.
FG said....
The conversion from Bq to Sv is not trivial and depends on many factors. But there is a very good Radiation Calculator on the web (when I tested it with know values, the result looked very reasonable). Try this:
http://www.radprocalculator.com/Gamma.aspx
If you specify Cs-134 at 124000Bq and Cs-137 at 152000Bq with 2.5cm distance of the Geiger counter to the source, you will end up with a total of 57.9 uSv/h.
The conclusion:
1) It is possible that most of the gamma rays at that location come from Cs.
2) Definitely there will be about 0.5% Sr in the sample and some other radioactive nuclides.
3) The whole calculation does only consider gamma rays (I would guess that the Geiger counter form the city only detects the gamma rays, since it is the most easy and cheap thing to do)
4) Never forget this is only a rough estimation.
5) The radiation calculator shows something else very drastically.... the hough impact of distance to the source on the amount of absorbed dose (Sv).
6) If you specify the same Cs-134/137 Bq you will get at a distance from the source of 5cm -> 14.5 uSv/h and at 1 cm -> 362.1 uSv/h!!!
7) Just imagine if it is inside your body (distance below zero)!!!! This is the drastic difference between internal and external radiation exposure! (additionally from external radiation you can always walk away, but once inside you you have to wait for it to come out or in some cases it will never leave you) - Scary right? Enjoy your next lunch....
actually FG said (repost - first version ended up in spam filter)
The conversion from Bq to Sv is not trivial and depends on many factors. But there is a very good Radiation Calculator on the web (when I tested it with know values, the result looked very reasonable). Try this:
http://www.radprocalculator.com/Gamma.aspx
If you specify Cs-134 at 124000Bq and Cs-137 at 152000Bq with 2.5cm distance of the Geiger counter to the source, you will end up with a total of 57.9 uSv/h.
The conclusion:
1) It is possible that most of the gamma rays at that location come from Cs.
2) Definitely there will be about 0.5% Sr in the sample and some other radioactive nuclides.
3) The whole calculation does only consider gamma rays (I would guess that the Geiger counter form the city only detects the gamma rays, since it is the most easy and cheap thing to do)
4) Never forget this is only a rough estimation.
5) The radiation calculator shows something else very drastically: the hough impact of distance to the source on the amount of absorbed dose (Sv).
6) If you specify the same Cs-134/137 Bq you will get at a distance from the source of 5cm -> 14.5 uSv/h and at 1 cm -> 362.1 uSv/h!
7) Just imagine if it is inside your body (distance below zero)! This is the drastic difference between internal and external radiation exposure! (additionally from external radiation you can always walk away, but once inside you you have to wait for it to come out or in some cases it will never leave you) - Scary right? Enjoy your next lunch.
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